Concepts in Civil Engineering and Architecture (CCEA) is an international, scholarly and peer-reviewed journal published by Springfield Publisher. Our journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture publishes all the original research, review articles, Opinions, Short communications, case and technical reports in the areas of civil engineering, Construction and Management Engineering, Railroad Engineering, Structural Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering, Coastal Engineering, Transport Engineering, Geo-spatial Engineering, Highway Engineering, Concrete Technology, Tunnel Engineering, Structural Mechanics, Building Construction Materials, Fluid Mechanics, Information Technology and Project Management, etc. The Journal welcomes all the contributions promoting the exchange of innovations and practical discourse between working educators and civil engineering researchers all over the world. High quality research papers or reviews which may be theoretical, informational or experimental and dealing with any aspect of civil engineering are encouraged. The main purpose of the Journal is to convey the modern progressions on the science and technology to associated scientists and viewers.